Old Tamil Poetry

Translations of Tamil Poetic works that span 2000 years

Archive for the tag “Thevaram”

Thevaaram – 6.062.1

How affectionate our mother, father, kith and kin are;
Which of them will be with us?
Which wealth we accrue will support us?
There is none to help us once we die;
They will just light the pyre and walk away;
Oh
Lord of Thiruvanaikaa where perennial Ponni river flows!
Embodiment of Wisdom! My father!
Will I ever suffer from grief
If I attain a place at your Golden feet!

எத்தாயர் எத்தந்தை எச்சுற்றத்தார்
  எம்மாடு சும்மாடாம் ஏவர் நல்லார்
செத்தால்வந் துதவுவார் ஒருவ ரில்லை
  சிறுவிறகால் தீமூட்டிச் செல்லா நிற்பர்
சித்தாய வேடத்தாய் நீடு பொன்னித்
  திருவானைக் காவுடைய செல்வா என்றன்
அத்தாவுன் பொற்பாதம் அடையப் பெற்றால்
  அல்லகண்டங் கொண்டடியேன் என்செய் கேனே.

In this poem from Thevaaram (part of Saivite Canon, hymns praising Lord Shiva) Appar the poet prays to Lord Shiva at the town of Thirvanaikaa, a town at the banks of Ponni (Cauvery) River. He pleads to the lord saying “All relation ships in this world, however affectionate they are to us, who really is for us? Father, mother, relatives – can any of them really be with us? The wealth we accrue in our life time, will it be able to support us? No. Once we die, there is no one for us. They will light our pyre and walk away even before it burns down. So the only person for me is you My lord. You are the embodiment of all wisdom. You are my father. If I attain a place at your golden fee, will I ever suffer from grief ever”

In Tamil just the word எ stands for – ”எத்தனை (சிறந்த) – how much” . Bringing that brevity into English was tough.

எ – எத்தனை – how much
தாயர் – Mothers (including birth mother and nannies)
சுற்றத்தார் – relatives
மாடு – செல்வம் – wealth
சும்மாடு – support
ஏவர் – who
நல்லார் – good for us
செல்லா நிற்பர் – சென்று விடுவர் – will walk away
சித்து – wisdom / Knowledge
வேடத்தாய – வேடம் பூண்ட – Playing the role of / Embodiment
நீடு பொன்னி – flowing Ponni river (Cauvery River)
அத்தா – தந்தை – father
அல்லகண்டம் – grief / misery
என் செய்கேனே – what will I do (I won’t suffer)

Thevaram 3.49.1

Those who chant it immersed in love, yielding to him
with tears of bliss – it guides them to the path of virtue;
It is the essence of all four Vedas;
It is the moniker of my lord, Namachivaya.

காதல் ஆகி, கசிந்து, கண்ணீர் மல்கி,
ஓதுவார் தமை நன் நெறிக்கு உய்ப்பது;
வேதம் நான்கினும் மெய்ப்பொருள் ஆவது
நாதன் நாமம் நமச்சிவாயவே.

This verse by Thirugnana Sambandhar extols the word Namachivaya, moniker of Shiva. He says those who chant it with heart full of love, melting to a puddle and tears of bliss streaming from their eyes – in other words unconditional surrender to God – will be guided by Him to the virtuous path. His Name is the truth and essence of all four Vedas.

The first line in Tamil – காதல் ஆகி, கசிந்து, கண்ணீர் மல்கி– uses alliteration and packs a punch in describing unconditional surrender of the devotees.

காதல் – love
கசிந்து – melting / yielding / giving in
ஓதுவார் – those who chant
நன் நெறி – right way
உய்ப்பது – guides / brings
மெய்ப்பொருள் – true meaning / essence
நாமம் – name / moniker

Thevaram 6.98.1

We aren’t subjects to anyone; we do not fear Death;
We will not suffer in hell; there’s no falsity in us;
We’re protected (by Him);
Nothing can trouble us; We will not bow down;

All our days are joyful, there’s no misery.

நாமார்க்கும் குடியல்லோம்; நமனை அஞ்சோம்;
நரகத்தில் இடர்ப்படோம்; நடலை இல்லோம்;
ஏமாப்போம்; பிணி அறியோம், பணிவோம் அல்லோம்;
இன்பமே எந்நாளும், துன்பமில்லை.

This is a famous poem of 7th Century Saivite saint Thirunavukkarasar (Appar). He was at the forefront of Saivite revival movement in Tamilnadu. The Pallava King, who was a Jain at that time, was angry with him and sent soldiers to bring him to the Royal court. This poem was Thirunavukkarasar’s famous retort. I have translated only the first two lines. These two lines are quoted often in Tamilnadu by anyone opposing authoritarianism of the State. Two more lines complete the poem.

We are not citizens bound to any king but Shiva. So we don’t fear the god of death. Even if we go to hell we will not suffer. We speak only the truth, so aren’t afraid. We are protected by the Supreme being. We don’t know anything that can trouble us. We will not bow down in front of your King. Our life is always a joy, there is no agony in it”

I am not well versed in religious scriptures. I go by the commentaries. If there is any mistake, do point out.

 

 

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