Old Tamil Poetry

Translations of Tamil Poetic works that span 2000 years

Archive for the category “Padhinen Keel Kanakku”

Naaladiyaar -15

She who was my mother, died and left me here
to go to her own mother; one who was her mother,
too did the same; mother going to mother,
that’s all there to this world.

எனக்குத் தாய் ஆகியாள் என்னை ஈங்கு இட்டு,
தனக்குத் தாய் நாடியே சென்றாள்; தனக்குத் தாய்
ஆகியவளும் அதுஆனால், தாய்த் தாய்க்கொண்டு,
ஏகும் அளித்து, இவ் உலகு.

This Naaladiyaar poem explains the impermanence of youth and life. The young mother who gave birth to me is now dead and has gone where her own mother went. Previously her mother too did the same. Mothers dying and going away to where their mothers went, that’s all there to this world. No one’s youth or life is permanent.

ஈங்கு – here
நாடி – (went) in search
ஏகும் – leave / go
அளி – poor (nature) / that’s all there is

 

Thirukkural – 70

A son’s reward to his father is to make others praise
“What penance he must’ve done (to merit such a son)”

மகன் தந்தைக்கு ஆற்றும் உதவி, ‘இவன் தந்தை
என் நோற்றான்கொல்!’ எனும் சொல்.

The best way for a son to reward his father is to do such good deeds that the world praises his father , “What penance he must have done to beget such a son”. The original verse does not state ‘to merit such a son’ explicitly- it is implied. In translation I made it explicit

Thirukkural – 1167

I swam the stream of love but unable to find its shore,
at this midnight hour, I’m all alone.

காமக் கடும் புனல் நீந்திக் கரை காணேன்,
யாமத்தும், யானே உளேன்.

He hasn’t come to meet her as promised. So she says I’m unable to bear this burden of passion and am awake at this midnight hour.

Thirukkural – 1282

 

One shouldn’t sulk even a grain sized portion-
when seized by palm tree sized passion.

தினைத் துணையும் ஊடாமை வேண்டும்-பனைத் துணையும்
காமம் நிறைய வரின்.

He has been away for long. She’s waiting for him to come back. She is telling to herself, “when he comes back don’t start sulking and spoil the mood, especially when your passion is growing leaps and bounds.” தினை (thinai) – millet and பனை (panai) – palm are used to quantify the sulking and lust.

Naaladiyaar – 83

Fear while going in; fear while returning;
fear during intimacy; fear while guarding secrecy;
as it begets fear all the time, why does one
unwisely covet other man’s wife?

புக்க இடத்து அச்சம்; போதரும் போது அச்சம்;
துய்க்கும் இடத்து அச்சம்; தோன்றாமைக் காப்பு அச்சம்;
எக் காலும் அச்சம் தருமால்; எவன்கொலோ,
உட்கான், பிறன் இல் புகல்?

This Naaladiyaar poem is straight forward. Naaladiyaar is an anthology of poems by Jain monks, compiled around 3rd Century AD. Coveting other man’s wife makes one fearful all the time. There’s no pleasure in it.

Thirukkural -1253

I do try to hide my lust; but it shows up
despite my intention, just like a sneeze.

மறைப்பேன்மன் காமத்தை யானோ; குறிப்பு இன்றித்
தும்மல்போல் தோன்றிவிடும்.

This couplet is under the chapter நிறை அழிதல் – losing her reserve. He has been away for  long time. She is waiting for him to come back, and losing control of herself. When her friend advises her to conceal her feelings she replies saying “I do try to hide. But this lust comes upon me suddenly, like a sneeze that one cannot control even if one tries to.”

Naaladiyaar – 127

Who has the ability to know
what’s there in another’s heart?
Ruler of hills where gems glitter! listen :-
people’s thoughts and actions differ.

யாஅர், ஒருவர் ஒருவர்தம் உள்ளத்தைத்
தேரும் துணைமை உடையவர்?-சாரல்
கன மணி நின்று இமைக்கும் நாட! கேள்:-மக்கள்
மனம் வேறு; செய்கையும் வேறு.

This poem in Naaladiyaar talks about how difficult it is to judge people. The poet says people think something, but do something else. Be wary of judging them too soon based on their good deeds. Take your time to understand them. It is like gems glittering in your hills. They look appealing, but the way to reach them is treacherous.

Inna Narpathu – 33

Acting on a drunkard’s word causes grief;
Walking in a thorny forest causes much grief;
Killing flood borne cattle causes grief;
Similarly grievous, is friendship of the devious.

கள் உண்பான் கூறும் கருமப் பொருள் இன்னா;
முள்ளுடைக் காட்டில் நடத்தல் நனி இன்னா;
வெள்ளம் படு மாக் கொலை இன்னா; ஆங்கு இன்னா,
கள்ள மனத்தார் தொடர்பு.

Inna Narpathu (இன்னா நாற்பது) – is a collection of 40 poems about what causes grief (இன்னா) and what should be avoided. This is a ‘post Sangam’ or  ‘didactic period’ work, generally dated between 100-500 CE. These poems were written by Kapilar, different from Kapilar of Sangam era. These poems are simple and talk directly.

Killing cattle is allowed when needed. But killing cattle that is carried away by floods and struggling to climb up the banks is an offense that causes much grief.

Naaladiyaar – 370

Fresh floods and a jeweled courtesan’s love,
both aren’t much different when compared;
fresh floods abate as showers dwindle;
their love abates as your wealth dwindles.

புதுப் புனலும், பூங்குழையார் நட்பும், இரண்டும்,
விதுப்பு அற நாடின், வேறு அல்ல;-புதுப் புனலும்
மாரி அறவே அறுமே; அவர் அன்பும்
வாரி அறவே அறும்.

விதுப்பு அற நாடின் – examine without rush (compared) பூங்குழையார் – woman (courtesan) wearing ear rings. வாரி – wealth.

 

Thirukkural – 1247

Dear heart, renounce either passion or modesty;
I cannot bear them both.

காமம் விடுவொன்றோ நாண்விடு நன்னெஞ்சே
யானோ பொறேனிவ் விரண்டு.

Post Navigation